UNIT-8

INTRODUCTION TO DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN ASSAM

UNIT STRUCTURE

1.         Learning Objectives

2.         Introduction

3.         Development of Education in Assam at Higher stage

a.     Development of Higher Education in Assam at Undergraduate stage during British Period.

b.     Changes introduced in Higher Education since independence in India.

c.     Development of Higher Education in Assam at Undergraduate stage after independence.

d.     Development of Higher Education in Assam at Postgraduate stage after independence.

e.     Development of Higher Education in Assam through open and distance education.

4.         Let Us Sum Up

5.         Further Readings

6.         Answers to Check Your Progress

7.         Possible Questions

8.         References

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After going through this unit, you will be able to:

v   Explain the development of higher education in Assam during British period.

v   Explain the changes introduced in higher education in India since independence.

v   Discuss the development of higher education in Assam at undergraduate stage after independence.

v   Discuss the development of higher education in Assam at postgraduate stage after independence.

v   Discuss the development of higher education in Assam through open and distance education.

INTRODUCTION

India has a long history of higher learning. Takshashila, Nalanda, Vikramshila were the most famous centers of higher learning in India during ancient period. The modern system of higher education started in the middle of the 19th century. As per the recommendation of Woods’ Despatch of 1854, the first three Universities were established in Calcutta, Bombay and Madras in 1857.

Higher education is that stage of education, which comes after secondary education. Prior to 1947, the pattern of higher education was almost uniform throughout the country. The duration of the course leading to the first degree in Arts and Science was two years and this was followed by two years course leading to second degree i,e. post graduate degree. After the implementation of 10+2+3 pattern, the duration of the 1st degree course is extended to 3 years and the duration of degree courses in professional subjects are of four or five years. At present we have a large system of higher education. Higher education has made a significant contribution to economic development, social progress and political democracy in India. Still the developments in this field are extremely uneven. The opportunities for higher education are not adequate in terms of our needs. Even the relevance and utility of the couses offered by the Universities to meet the demand of changing times are constantly questioned. This unit will help us to understand the gradual changes introduced in the system of higher education in India since independence.

DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN ASSAM AT HIGHER STAGE

Assam lagged behind in respect of higher education till 1900 A.D. In 1858, the Gauhati School was affiliated to the entrance standard under Calcutta University and three years later i.e in 1861 two candidates from this school successfully passed the entrance examination. In 1864, the Inspector of Schools Mr. Murray submitted a proposal to the Government of Bengal to raise up the standard of the Gauhati School to teach up to F.A. course of the Calcutta University. The Government of Bengal recommended the proposal and within a few months sanction was received from the Govt. of India. In July 1865, it was ordered that the Gauhati School may be raised to a Collegiate School to train up natives of the province for offices of responsibility and trust. Accordingly in May 1866 the Collegiate section was opened at the Gauhati School with affiliation to the first examination in Arts.

In 1874, Assam was separated from Bengal with the constitution of a Chief Commissioner’s province. A separate Directorate of Public Instruction was created for Assam. The first Chief Commissioner of Assam was Colonel Keatings. But unfortunately the collegiate section of the Gauhati School was abolished by Col. Keatings in 1876 due to several reasons. The reasons were

v  The University results were so disappointing that the number of successful candidate was absolutely nil during 1872 – 1874.

v  The cost of educating a pupil at the collegiate school, Gauhati was much higher.

v  The enrolment at the collegiate section was proportionately very poor.

Let us know

·         In 1858, the Gauhati School was affiliated to the Entrance Standard of Calcutta University.

·         In 1861 two candidates from Gauhati School successfully passed the Entrance Examination.

·         In 1864, the Inspector of Schools Mr. Murray submitted a proposal to the Government of Bengal to raise up the standard of the Gauhati School to teach up to F.A. course of Calcutta University.

·         In 1866 the collegiate section was opened at Gauhati School with affiliation to the first examination in Arts.

·         In 1874, Assam was separated from Bengal with the constitution of a Chief Commissioner’s province

·         Unfortunately the collegiate section of the Gauhati School was abolished by the first Chief Commissioner of Assam Mr. Keatings in 1876.

·         The reasons for abolition of the collegiate section were –poor performance by the candidates in the University examination, per-capita expenditure being much higher, poor enrolment in the collegiate section.

Check your progress

1. Fill in the blanks: —

·         Gauhati school was affiliated to the Entrance standard under Calcutta University in ____________.

·         The number of candidates who passed the entrance examination from Gauhati school in 1861 was ____________.

·         The name of the Inspector of Schiools who proposed to raise the standard of Gauhati school to teach F.A. course was ____________.

·         The first Chief Commissioner of Assam was ________________.

·         The collegiate sectionof the Gauhati school was abolished in _____________.

Development of Education in Assam at Under Graduate Stage during the British Period

Let us now study the development of higher education in Assam during the British period. Realising the difficulties experienced by Assamese students going for higher education in Calcutta, the public continued to impress on the Government the necessity of re – introducing the collegiate section at the Gauhati School. The question of higher education in Assam was sympathetically considered by Sir Charles Elliot, the Chief Commissioner of Assam. In 1882 Sir Charles Elliot decided to award scholarship of Rs 20/- per month to all Assamese students who passed the Entrance examination and went for the F.A. and B.A. examination at any college in Bengal. He also expressed the idea that if the University results continued to be satisfactory the question of re – opening the Collegiate classes at Gauhati School would be considered. The people of Assam were disappointed when William Ward, the Chief Commissioner in 1887 restricted the number of scholarships to the Assamese students going for higher education to fourteen to be awarded in order of merit. Under such circumstances the agitation for establishment of a college was again started. The attention of the Government of Assam was not seriously drawn until March 1899, when Late Honourable Manick Chandra Barua, after refuting the arguments of his opponents made a strong demand for the establishment of a college at Gauhati. If the Government was of opinion that the time was not ripe for the college at Gauhati, in conclusion Honourable Barua stressed the necessity of establishing a hostel for Assamese students at Calcutta, improving the number and value of the existing scholarships.

Realising the urgency of the problem, the Chief Commissioner at that time Sir Henry John Stedman Cotton, who was highly liberal in his views and also a sincere lover of the people strongly supported the proposal. Sir Henry John Stedman Cotton decided to establish a second grade Government College at Gauhati. The sanction of Her Majesty’s Secretary of State was received on 20th June 1900. The Chief Commissioner formally opened the college on the 27th May’ 1901 and the college was named after his name as Cotton College. Frederic Willium Sudmersen was the first Principal of Cotton College. This marked the beginning of higher education in Assam.

Let us now discuss the growth of higher education in Assam since the establishment of Cotton college in 1901. It is true that Cotton College has contributed to the quantitative growth of higher education in the state. The following table gives the enrolment figures at the end of every five years beginning from 1911 till 1941.

Table No. 1

Enrolment on 31st March

[ Source : The Golden Jubilee Volume, Cotton College 1951 – 52, Page No. 47.]

The first girl student was admitted into the college during 1929-30 session and the number of girl students increased to 75 during 1940 – 41 session.

Besides Cotton College, during the period from 1914 to 1935, the following colleges were established in Assam.

·         Earle Law College at Gauhati (1914).

·         Jagannath Barua College at Jorhat (1931).

·         Lady Keane College at Shillong (1935).

Till 1948 the number of colleges in Assam increased to 16 and Cotton College being the only Government College at that time.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

2. Give the correct answer: —

• The scheme of awarding scholarships of Rs. 20/- per month to all Assamese students who passed the Entrance Examination and went for higher education to Bengal was introduced by — William Ward / Sir Charle Elliot.
• Cotton College was opened on ——                                  20th June 1900 / 27th May 1901
• The first Principal of Cotton College was —-          Mr. Frederick William Sudmersen / Sir Henry J.S. Cotton

·         Jagannath Barua College at Jorhat was established in —                1931 / 1935

Changes Introduced In Higher Education since Independence In India

After Independence Government of India adopted several measures to improve the system of Higher education to meet the growing demand of the present day. These measures have great impact in the development of higher education in Assam in post independence period.

           

University Education Commission (1948 – 49): After independence considerable changes took place in the political, social and economic field. These changes entrusted greater responsibilities and challenges before the universities to provide leaders in various fields of national reconstruction. To meet the growing demand, the Inter University Board and the Central advisory Board of Education passed a resolution recommending Government of India to appoint a commission to report on Indian University Education and to suggest measures for improvement to suit the present and future requirement of the country. Accordingly the Government of India appointed the University Education Commission under the chairmanship of Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan in Nov’ 1948. The commission submitted its reports on 25th August 1949. The report of this commission is a document of great significance and has guided the development of University Education in India in post independence period. As per the recommendation of Radhakrishanan Commission one of the important development of the post independence period is the creation of the University Grants Commission ( UGC ) in 1953 and has given autonomous statutory status by an act of Parliament in 1956. The UGC was created for the purpose of co-ordination and maintenance of standard in higher education. The central Govt. places funds at the disposal of the UGC and this fund is allocated to the Universities for the developmental programmes.

Education Commission ( 1964 – 66 ): The Government of India appointed the Education Commission on 14th July 1964 “ to advise Government on the national pattern of education and on general principles and policies for the development of education at all stages and in all aspects”. This Commission was appointed under the chairmanship of Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of UGC, for which this commission is popularly known as Kothari Commission. This Commission submitted its report to the Government on 29th June 1966 and dealt with all aspects of education.

           

National Policy on Education: The Govt. of India constituted a committee of the members of Parliament in 1967 to consider the report of the Education Commission (1964 – 66) and to prepare the draft on the national policy on Education. As a result of discussions on the recommendations of the Education Commission and the report of the Committee of members of Parliament, a resolution on National Policy on Education was formally issued by the Govt of India on 24th July 1968. The National Policy on Education of 1968 marked a significant step in the history of education in post independence India. The most significant development has been the acceptance of a common structure of education throughout the country and introduction of 10 + 2 + 3 system.

In order to meet a variety of new challenges and social needs of 21st century the Govt. of India has to formulate and implement a new Education Policy for the country. The call for the New Education Policy was given by the Prime Minister of India, Mr. Rajib Gandhi in his first broadcast to the nation on January 5th, 1985. The National Policy on Education was adopted by the Parliament in May 1986. The policy was followed by the Programme of Action (POA), which was adopted by the Parliament in August 1986.

The National Front Govt. headed by Mr. V. P. Singh appointed a committee on 7th May 1990 with Acharya Ramamurti as its chairman to review the National Policy on Education, 1986. This committee made recommendation regarding revision of the policy and necessary action for implementation of the revised policy. The report of the Ramamurty Committee was submitted on 26th December 1990. The report was placed in both the Houses of Parliament in January 1991.

The Central Advisory Board of Education in its meeting held on 8th – 9th March 1991 decided to constitute a committee to consider the recommendations of the National Policy on Education Review Committee. The Committee was appointed on 31st July 1991 under the chairmanship of Sri N. Janardhana Reddy, Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh. The main objectives of the committee were to review the implementation of the various parameters of the NPE, 1986, taking into consideration the relevant developments since the policy was formulated. The committee submitted its report in January 1992. The CABE considered the Janardhana Reddy Committee Report in May 1992and finalized the Revised National Policy on Education. The Revised National Policy on Education was presented in both Houses of Parliament on 7th May 1992. To formulate a revised Programme of Action (POA), 1992 twenty-two task forces were constituted on different subject areas. A Steering Committee was also set up. The draft Programme of Action was discussed at a conference of State Secretaries and Directors of Education held on 3rd – 4th August 1992. The Central Advisory Board of Education endorsed the document on 8th August 1992.

The Programme of Action on NPE (1992) provides the strategies for implementation of NPE on 23 areas including Higher education.

           

National Knowledge Commission: The National Knowledge Commission was constituted on 13th June 2005 with a time frame of three years, from 2nd Oct 2005 to 2nd Oct 2008. Realising the urgent need for introducing reform and change in the higher education system, National Knowledge Commission stressed on three important aspects of higher education i,e, expansion, excellence and inclusion. NKC also stressed on improving the quality of Open and Distance education system to achieve the objectives of expansion, excellence and inclusion in higher education.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

3. Find out correct answer –

·         Chairman of University Education Commission (1948 – 49) was

Dr. D.S. Kothari             Dr. S. Radhakrishnan                  Dr. Jakir Hussain

·         University Grants Commission (UGC) was created in

1953                 1956                 1964

·         The call for a New Education Policy was given by Mr. Rajib Gandhi, the Prime Minister of India in –

1985                 1986                 1968

·         The Janardhana Reddy Committee Report was submitted in –

7th May, 1990                9th January, 1991                      January, 1992

·         Revised National Policy on Education was finalized in –

1968                 1986                 1992

·         National Knowledge Commission was appointed by the Govt of India in –

2005                 2007                 2008

Development of Higher Education in Assam at Undergraduate Stage after Independence

There has been a phenomenal growth of higher education in Assam since independence. Establishment of Gauhati University on 26th January 1948 and Dibrugarh University on 1st July 1965 contributed in rapid expansion of higher education in Assam. Following table shows the expansion of higher education in Assam during 1947 – 48 to 1990 – 91.

Table No. 2 

[Source: Hand Book on Higher Education in Assam 1992, Directorate of Higher Education Govt. of Assam. ]

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

4. Fill in the Blanks –

• Gauhati University was established on ____________.
• Dibrugarh University was established on ____________.

·         Number of Colleges in Assam during 1990 – 91 was ____________.

Development of Higher Education in Assam at Postgraduate Stage After Independence

Let us know discuss the facilities for Higher Education under different Universities in Assam.

GAUHATI UNIVERSITY

As discussed earlier, for a long time Calcutta University had to cater to the needs of the students in the entire eastern region. Naturally the seats for the students from Assam were extremely limited. This had created resentment among the student from Assam aspiring for higher education. People of Assam agitated for decades for an institute of higher education in the province. The dream of the people of Assam came true when Gauhati University was established under the Gauhati University Act. 1947 on 26th January 1948. Gauhati University started functioning as a teaching, affiliating and residential university with K. K. Handique as the first Vice-Chancellor. Presently Gauhati University has 38 Post Graduate Department with a satellite campus at Kokrajhar, Post Graduate Correspondence School and a constituent Law College. It has more than 205 affiliated colleges offering undergraduate courses in the faculties of Arts, Science, Commerce, Law, Engineering, and Medicine. A few colleges under Gauhati University offer Postgraduate courses. Gauhati University offers the following courses and programmes –

·   M.A. in Assamese, Arabic, Bengali, Boro, English, Economics, Education, Hindi, History, Journalism & Mass Communication, Linguistics, MIL, Philosophy, Political Science, Persian and Psychology in Humanities, Sanskrit,

·   M.Sc. in Anthropology, Botany, Bio-Technology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Electronics Science, Environmental Science, Instrumentation, Geological Sciences, Geography, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics and Zoology in Science and Technology.

·   Master in Commerce

·   M.B.A. in Business Administration

·   LLM in Law

·   M. Ed. In Education

·   Master in Library And Information science

·   M.Phil. and Ph.D.

·   Women Studies

Gauhati University is a member of the Association of Indian Universities and the Association of Commonwealth Universities. Gauhati University receives Annual financial grants from Govt. of Assam and Development Grants from UGC. It facilities the Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.) course as well as Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) programme also.

DIBRUGARH UNIVERSITY

Dibrugarh University was established in 1965 under the provision of the Dibrugarh University Act 1965. It is a teaching, affiliating and residential university. The territorial jurisdiction of Dibrugarh University covers seven districts of upper Assam i,e, Dibrugarh, Tinsukia, Sibsagar, Jorhat, Golaghat, Dhemaji and Lakhimpur. Dibrugarh University offers the following courses and programmes –

• M.A. in Assamese, English, History, Political Science and Sociology in Humanities.
• M.Sc. in Anthropology, Applied Geology, Chemistry, Life Science, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics, Petroleum Technology in Science and Technology.
• M.Com in Commerce.
• B.Ed, M.Ed.
• M.Phil. and Ph.D.

·         Women Studies

Tezpur University

The Tezpur University is a unitary type university. This is a Central University. Tezpur University offers undergraduates, post graduate and doctoral programmes in the following academic divisions –

·            School of Science and Technology

·            School of Humanities and Social Science

·            School of Energy, Environmental and Natural Resources

·            School of Management Science

·            School of Engineering

Assam Agricultural University

Assam Agricultural University was established in 1969 under the provision of Assam Agricultural University Act 1968. The jurisdiction of the university extends to the entire state of Assam with regard to teaching, research and extension education in the field of agriculture and allied sciences. This university has a number of campuses with its headquarter at Jorhat.

Assam University

Assam University was established in 1994 under the provision of Assam (Central) University Act of 1989. This University is situated at Silchar. Assam University provides a multidisciplinary approach to higher education. The five districts under the jurisdiction of Assam University have as many as 51 undergraduate colleges. Assam University is a teaching cum affiliating University.The University is set to become a full fledged residential University in near future creating a better environment for learning and research activities. The University has nine schools –

• School of Environmental Science
• School of Physical Sciences
• School of Social Sciences
• School of Humanities
• School of Language
• School of Technology
• School of Information Science
• School of Life Science

·         School of Management Studies

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

5. Write the correct answer -

• Dibrugarh University was established in _____ 1965 / 1969.
• Tezpur University is a _____ Central University / State University.
• The Headquarter of Assam Agricultural University is at Guwahati / Jorhat.
• Assam University was established in ____ 1989 / 1994
• No of post graduate departments under Gauhati University is _____.

·         No of Academic divisions under Tezpur University is Five / Nine.

Development of Higher Education in Assam through Open and Distance Education

Open and Distance education is a flexible and innovative system of education. The major purpose of distance education is to provide education to those who for one reason or other could not take the advantage of the facilities in the formal system. Distance education through its utilization of modern communication technology can provide quality education to those people irrespective of age, sex, socio economic status who are in urgent need of education.

In Assam, the establishment of the Regional Centre of Indira Gandhi National Open University in Guwahati made remarkable contribution in expansion of higher education through open and distance education mode. The following table shows the enrollment under Indira Gandhi National Open University in Assam during July 2006 to January 2008.



The Institute of Distance and Open Learning (IDOL) was established under Gauhati University in 1998. The Institute of Distance and Open Learning, G.U., played a vital role in making open and distance learning (ODL) system popular in Assam.
IDOL, G.U. offers the following programmes –

• M.A. in Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, English, History, Philosophy, Political Science.
• M.A./ M.Sc. in Economics and Mathematics.
• M.Com.
• Master in Communication & Journalism.

·         PGD in Journalism & Mass Communication, Sales and Marketing Management, Human Resource Management, Business Management, Financial Management, Banking and Financial Services, Insurance Management, Computer Application.

IDOL also provides the initial backup to the Krishna Kanta Handique State Open University. The Krishna Kanta Handique State Open University was established in 2006 to provide opportunities for the learners who are deprived and are in need of higher education. During the period 2007 – 08, KKHSOU enrolled more than 3500 learners for the Bachelor of Preparatory Programme (BPP), a bridge course for higher learning. During the period 2008 – 2009, the enrolment of learners in BPP course is approximately 4192 and in Degree Courses is approximately 4881.

(Source : Report from KKHSOU, 2008)

KKHSOU offers the following programmes –

• Bachelor of Computer Application (BCA), Mass Communication (BMC), Business Administration (BBA), Commerce (B.Com), Arts (B.A.)
• Bachelor of Preparatory Programme (BPP)
• Ph.D programme in Humanities, Social Science and Professional Disciplines

·         Various Diploma and Certificate Programmes.

The Directorate of Distance Education, Dibrugarh University also play a prominent role in providing higher education through open and distance mode in the state. The Directorate of Distance education, D.U. offers the following programmes –

• M.A. in Assamese, Economics, English, Mathematics, Political Science, Sociology.
• M.Sc. in Mathematics.
• M.Com.
• Post Graduate Diploma in Marketing Management, (PGDMM)

·         Post Graduate Diploma in Journalism and Mass Communication (PGDJMC)

ACTIVITY

Write briefly on the development of higher education through Open and Distance education mode in Assam.

LET US SUM UP

After having the discussion on higher education, followings are the main points which are found from this unit.

• In 1858, the Gauhati School was affiliated to the Entrance Standard of Calcutta University.
• In 1864, the Inspector of Schools Mr. Murray submitted a proposal to the Government of Bengal to raise up the standard of the Gauhati School to teach up to F.A. course of Calcutta University.
• In 1866 the Collegiate section was opened at Gauhati School with affiliation to the first examination in Arts.
• Unfortunately the collegiate section of the Gauhati School was abolished by the first Chief Commissioner of Assam Mr. Keatings in 1876.
• Sir Charles Elliot also decided to award scholarship of Rs 20/- per month to all Assamese students who passed the Entrance examination and went for F.A. and B.A. examination in Bengal.
• In 1899, Late Honourable Manick Chandra Barua made a strong demand to the Govt for establishment of a college at Gauhati.
• Sir Henry John Stedman Cotton, the Chief Commissioner of Assam, who was a very liberal minded person and a sincere lover of the people decided to establish a college at Gauhati,
• The sanction for the establishment of the college from Her Majesty’s Secretary of State was received on 20th June 1900
• Sir Henry John Stedman Cotton formally opened the college on the 27th May 1901. The college was named after his name as Cotton College.
• The No of colleges increased from 16 in 1947 – 48 to 186 in 1990 – 91 in Assam.
• The Govt. of India appointed the Indian University Commission in 1948 to enquire into the problems and to suggest measures for improvement of Indian Universities.
• The Government of India appointed the Education Commission in 1964 ”to advise the Government on national pattern of education and on general principles and policies for the development of education at all stages and in all aspects”.
• The National Policy on Education was issued by the Government of India on 24th July 1968.
• The call for a New Education Policy was given by the Prime Minister of India, Mr. Rajib Gandhi in 1985 to meet the challenges of 21st century.
• The new Education Policy was adopted in the Parliament in May 1986. The programme of Action on NPE was adopted in August 1986.
• A committee under the chairmanship of Acharya Ramamurti was constituted in May 1990 to review the NPE, 1986
• The Central Advisory Board of Education appointed a Committee under the Chairmanship of Sri N. Janardhana Reddy in 1991 to consider the recommendation of the review committee of 1990 and to review the implementation of various parameters of NPE, 1986.
• POA , 1992 was endorsed by CABE in August 1992
• National Knowledge Commission (2005 – 2008) stressed on three aspects of Higher Education i,e. expansion, excellence and inclusion.
• Gauhati University was established on 26th January 1948. Gauhati University has 38 post graduate departments with a campus at Kokrajhar, post graduate correspondence school (IDOL), a Law college.
• Dibrugarh University was established in 1965 under the provision of Dibrugarh University Act of 1965. This is a teaching, affiliating and residential university covering seven districts in Upper Assam.
• Tezpur University is a unitary type university. Tezpur University offers undergraduates, post graduate and doctoral programmes in the five academic divisions
• Assam Agricultural University was established in 1969 in Jorhat under the provision of Assam Agricultural University Act 1968. The jurisdiction of the university extends to the entire state of Assam with regard to teaching, research and extension in agriculture and allied sciences.
• The Assam University was established in 1994 under the provision of Assam (Central) University Act of 1989. This University is situated at Silchar Assam University is a teaching cum affiliating University covering five districts in Barak Valley. The University offers courses under nine academic schools.

·         The Regional Centre of Indira Gandhi National Open University, Institute of Distance and Open Learning under Gauhati University, Directorate of Distance Education, under Dibrugarh University, the Krishna Kanta Handique State Open University play a very important role in providing the facilities of higher education through open and distance mode.

FURTHER READINGS

• Dr. Lakshahira Das “ Education in Assam”
• P.L. Rawat “ History of Indian Education”
• Handbook on Higher Education in Assam, Directorate of Higher Education, Govt of Assam, 1992

·         The Golden Jubilee Volume, Cotton College, 1951 – 52

ANSWERS TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

1.         1858                 Two                  Mr. Murray                    Col. Keatings                 1876

2.         Sir Chales Elliot              27th May, 1901              Mr. Frederic William Sudmersen              1931

3.         Dr. S. Radhakrishnan                  1956                 1985                January’ 1992                1992     2005

4.         26th January, 1948                     1st July, 1965                186

5.         1965     Central University          Jorhat               1994                 38         Five

POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

·         Write briefly on the measures adopted during the British period for introduction of the system of higher education in Assam.

·         Discuss the development of higher education in Assam during 1900 – 1947.

·         Discuss the development of higher education at undergraduate stage in post independence period.

·         Explain the contributions of the Universities in Assam in the development of higher education in Assam.

·         Discuss the role played by the Open and Distance learning Institutes in Assam in expansion of higher education.

REFERENCES

·         J.P. Naik ans Syed Nurullah “A students’ History of Education in India (1800 – 1973)”

·         Dr. Lakshahira Das “Education in Assam”

·         P. L. Rawat “History of Indian Education”

·         R.C. Sharma “National Policy on Education and Programme of implementation”

·         Dr. Siddheswar Saikia “Adhunik Bharatar Siksha “

·         Lok Sabha Secretariat, “National Education Policy”, New Delhi, 1985

·         The Golden Jubilee Volume Cotton College, 1951 – 52

·         Conference Guide, IDEA 2008, 14 – 16th Nov 2008IDOL, G.U.

http://www.Knowledgecommission.gov.in
http://www.assamuniversity.nic.in
http://www.tezu.ernet.in
http://www.aau.ac.in

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